Temperature Controlled Fan Using Micro controller 8051/8052 ( C Program)

I have recently made a temperature controlled DC fan whose speed increases with the rise in temperature and decrease as the temperature falls !  It has got a lot of practical usage as it  does not require to manually operated and it turns off as the temperature falls below a certain threshold ! and the temperatures on which you want to change the speed or turn off the fan are completely user defined !!
The components required are:
1.AT89S51/AT89S52
2.ADC0804
3.LM35
4.L293D

LM 35:

            Temperature sensor whose output voltage varies with the change in the temperature. The output voltage increases by 10mV  for 1 degree rise in temperature.

ADC 0804:

              It is an analogue to digital converter who converts the provided analogue signal into corresponding digital signal. It uses the provided reference voltage to provide digital output from analogue input.

"CARS 2" free download

CARS 2 the new craze among the youngsters.Available in 3d now the animation can be enjoyed by becoming a part of it.

This movie is getting awsome reviews and critics are considering it as the best animated movie of 2011 .

so! what are you waiting for???? CLICK here to download and enjoy it !

Harry Potter and the deathly hallows part 2 free download

The final chapter begins as Harry, Ron, and Hermione continue their quest of finding and destroying the Dark Lord's three remaining Horcruxes, the magical items responsible for his immortality. But as the mystical Deathly Hallows are uncovered, and Voldemort finds out about their mission, the biggest battle begins and life as they know it will never be the same again.
click here to download it free.

Pulse Position Modulation PPM using 555 timers

 Pulse-position modulation (PPM) is a form of signal modulation in which M message bits are encoded by transmitting a single pulse in one of 2^M possible time-shifts. This is repeated every T seconds, such that the transmitted bit rate is M/T bits per second. It is primarily useful for optical communications systems, where there tends to be little or no multipath interference

          Pulse position modulation (PPM) use pulses that are of uniform height and width but displaced in time from some base position according to the amplitude of the signal at the instant of sampling. The position of each pulse, in relation to the position of a recurrent reference pulse, is varied by each instantaneous sampled value of the modulating wave. Pulse position modulation is also sometimes known as pulse-phase modulation

ADVANTAGE OF PPM:

Pulse position modulation has the advantage over pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and pulse duration modulation (PDM) in that it has a higher noise immunity since all the receiver needs to do is detect the presence of a pulse at the correct time; the duration and amplitude of the pulse are not important.

VERILOG CODE FOR CLOCK DIVIDER

In some of the applications we don't want a very high speed clock and the problem occurs when we have a fixed frequency clock then we have to use a module that divide the frequency of the clock by a certain factor that satisfies the requirement .It seems to b a difficult task but believe me it is a very simple thing to do and it can solve your problems.Clock Divider can be used in many applications like if you are implementing a Traffic signal on spartan board then you want to divide your clock frequency as you don't like the signals to change their states in less than a thousand part of a second the simple solution is he CLOCK DIVIDER.so,here is the verilog cod for the code.

Bisection Method For Finding Roots Of equation Matlab Code

fed up of doing calculations by hand to find the roots of an equation by "BISECTION METHOD" (one of  the bracketing techniques to solve an equation) the solution is simple and reliable write a piece of MATLAB code.Cant do this???? thats what i am here for !! here is the required code !! this code will
1.find the mean value at each iteration
2.plot the graph of true error
3.plot graph of approximate error
change the function and initial bracket according to your requirements!!
here is the code

WGA 1.9.9.0 and 1.9.9.1 FOR FREE

get rid of "windows genuine advantage" like thing in your PERSONAL computer .All you have to do is:

Remove Genuine Windows Validation Watermark

fed up of the "GENUINE WINDOWS VALIDATION" WATERMARK  !!! DONT BE SO WORRIED !!

WRESTLEMANI 27 THEME SONG WRITTEN IN THE STARS Tinie Tempah

Here are the  lyrics of the theme song of the main event of the WWE universe "WRESTLEMANIA 27"

Oh written in the stars
A million miles away
A message to the main
Ooooh
Seasons come and go
But I will never change
And I’m on my way

[Tinie Tempah - Verse 1]
Lets go…
Yeah
You’re listening now
They say they aint heard nothing like this in a while
Thats why they play my song on so many different dials
Cause I got more hits than a disciplined child
When they see me everybody brrrrrap’s, brrrrrraps
Man I’m like a young gun fully black Barrack
I cried tear drops over the massive attack
I only make hits like I work with a racket and bat
Look at my jacket and hat
So damn berserk
So down to earth
I’m bringing gravity back
Adopted by the major I want my family back
People work hard just to get all their salary taxed
Look Im just a writer from the ghetto like Malory blackman
Where the hells all the sanity at, damn
I used to be the kid that no one cared about
Thats why you have to keep screaming til they hear you out

VERILOG CODE BCD TO EXCESS 3 CONVERTER(GATE LEVEL)

Excess-3 binary-coded decimal (XS-3), also called biased representation or Excess-N, is a numeral system used on some older computers that uses a pre-specified number N as a biasing value. It is a way to represent values with a balanced number of positive and negative numbers. In XS-3, numbers are represented as decimal digits, and each digit is represented by four bits as the BCD value plus 3 (the "excess" amount):

• The smallest binary number represents the smallest value. (i.e. 0 − Excess Value)
• The greatest binary number represents the largest value. (i.e. 2 ^N+1 − Excess Value − 1)

The primary advantage of XS-3 coding over BCD coding is that a decimal number can be nines' complemented (for subtraction) as easily as a binary number can be ones' complemented; just invert all bits. In addition, when the sum of two XS-3 digits is greater than 9, the carry bit of a four bit adder will be set high. This works because, when adding two numbers that are greater or equal to zero, an "excess" value of six results in the sum. Since a four bit integer can only hold values 0 to 15, an excess of six means that any sum over nine will overflow.

Adding Excess-3 works on a different algorithm than BCD coding or regular binary numbers. When you add two XS-3 numbers together, the result is not an XS-3 number. For instance, when you add 1 and 0 in XS-3 the answer seems to be 4 instead of 1. In order to correct this problem, when you are finished adding each digit, you have to subtract 3 (binary 11) if the digit is less than decimal 10 and add three if the number is greater than or equal to decimal 10 (thus causing the number to wrap).

HERE is the code to convert a BCD number to EXCESS 3:

ALBERT EINSTEIN IQ QUIZ !! SOLVE IT IF YOU CAN !!

Einstein (no one know his real IQ) give us a puzzle like this, for he stressed examining assumptions, and once wrote: "The important thing is to not stop questioning."

Facts:

1. There are 5 houses in 5 different colours
2. In each house lives a person with a different nationality..
3. These 5 owners drink a certain beverage, smoke a certain brand of cigar and keep a certain pet.
4. No owners have the same pet, smoke the same brand of cigar or drink the same drink.

Hints:
1. The Brit lives in a red house.
2. The Swede keeps dogs as pets.
3. The Dane drinks tea.
4. The green house is on the left of the white house.
5. The green house owner drinks coffee.
6. The person who smokes Pall Mall rears birds.
7. The owner of the yellow house smokes Dunhill.
8. The man living in the house right in the centre drinks milk.
9. The Norwegian lives in the first house.
10. The man who smokes Blend lives next to the one who keeps cats.
11. The man who keeps horses lives next to the man who smokes Dunhill.
12. The owner who smokes Blue Master drinks beer.
13. The German smokes Prince.
14. The Norwegian lives next to the blue house.
15. The man who smokes Blend has a neighbour who drinks water.

Keil uVision 4 C51 v 9.02a Portable Download

Download the portable version of the uvision keil from here.
The µVision4 IDE is a window-based software development platform that combines a robust and modern editor with a project manager and make facility tool. It integrates all the tools needed to develop embedded applications including C/C++ compiler, macro assembler, linker/locator, and a HEX file generator.  µVision4 helps expedite the development process of embedded applications by providing the following:

• Full-featured source code editor.
• Device Database^® for configuring the development tool.
• Project Manager for creating and maintaining your projects.
• Integrated Make Utility functionality for assembling, compiling, and linking your embedded applications.
• Dialogs for all development environment settings.
• True integrated source-level and assembler-level Debugger with high-speed CPU and peripheral Simulator.
• Advanced GDI interface for software debugging on target hardware and for connecting to a Keil™ ULINK^® Debug Adapter.
• Flash programming utility for downloading the application program into Flash ROM.
• Links to manuals, on-line help, device datasheets, and user guides.

µVision4 offers numerous features and advantages that help the programmer to develop embedded applications quickly and successfully.  The Keil tools are easy to use, and are guaranteed to help you achieve your design goals in a timely manner.
The µVision4 IDE & Debugger is the central part of the Keil development tool chain. µVision4 offers a Build Mode and a Debug Mode.
In Build Mode you maintain the project, the project files, write your code, select the target hardware and device, and generate the application.
In Debug Mode you verify and debug your program with the integrated, powerful Simulator or directly on target hardware with the Keil ULINK family of Debug Adapters (or other AGDI drivers), or analyze the application behaviour.
The Keil ULINK Adapters allow you to download your application into Flash ROM of your target system.

Features and Advantages

Feature	Advantage
The µVision4 Simulator is the only debugger that simulates most on-chip peripherals.	Write and test application code before production hardware is available. Investigate different hardware configurations to optimize the hardware design.
System Viewer capabilities can be used to monitor the content of peripherals.	View and define your own views to supervise peripherals. Detailed status information is available and can be changed directly within the System Viewer window.
The Code Coverage functionality provides statistical data about the execution of your program.	Safety-critical systems can be thoroughly tested and validated. Execution analysis reports can be viewed and printed for certification requirements.
The Logic Analyzer functionality is used to graphically display variable changes.	Study the signal and variable changes in graphical form, and view their dependency or correlation.
The µVision4 Device Database automatically configures the development tools for the target microcontroller.	Device settings are delivered and have been tested. Developers are provided with default settings that practically eliminate the time needed to configure the tool.
A Template editor to insert common text sequences or header blocks.	Use templates to insert standard text, header descriptions, and generic code blocks into your program structure.
The function Browser for navigating quickly among coded procedures.	Save time during development. Use this functionality in addition to the Find functions.
The Configuration Wizard provides a graphical interface to maintain device and start-up code settings.	Instead of scanning or scrolling through the start-up file, you can use an advanced GUI-like feature.
The µVision4 IDE integrates additional third-party tools like VCS, CASE, and FLASH/Device Programming.	Quickly access development tools and third-party tools. All configuration details are saved in the µVision4 project file.
The Keil ULINK USB-JTAG Adapter family supports Debugging and Flash programming, and are delivered with configured algorithm files, which can be modified and adapted to your particular needs.	Only one tool is used for debugging and programming. No extra configuration time is required.
The Target Debugger user interface has been implemented with the same look&feel as the Simulator user interface.	Considerably shortens your learning curve.
µVision4 combines a Project Manager, Make Utility, Debugger, and a modern Editor into a single user interface environment.	Accelerates application development. While editing, you can configure the debugger features. While debugging, you can make source code changes. Nevertheless, these changes are effective after you have re-build the project.
The Multi-Project Manager allows you to enhance your design overview by integrating various projects into one project file.	Combine µVision4 projects, which logically depend on each other, into one Multi-Project, and thus, increase the overview, consistency, and transparency of your embedded system application design. You may build or re-build projects individually or in batch-mode.
Drag and Drop objects.	Most objects can be dragged and dropped from one window to the other. Windows can be moved anywhere on the visual surface. This increases flexibility, for instance, you may have multiple memory and variable watch windows

AWSOME VIDEO ! MUST TO WATCH !

Enrique Tonight am loving you mp3 + lyrics

the Enrique's one of the most super hit song tonight am loving you download in mp3 and here are the lyrics

wrestlemania 26 theme song Kevin Rudolph I MADE IT mp3 and LYRICS

 the most famous theme song ever in the history of wrestle mania up till now is the wrestle mania 26 theme song Kevin Rudolph I MADE IT download it in mp3 for free.
the lyrics are

APPROXIMATION THEORY

Here is a proof of why we take 0.9999999 = 1
let

x=0.99999... ____(1)
multiply equation (1) by 10
10x=9.9999... ___(2)
now subtract equation (1) from equation (2)
10x - x=9.9999... - .9999...
9x=9
divide both sides by 9
x=1
so here it is!!!!!!

THEORY OF INCOMPLETENESS!!!

A friend of

EINSTEIN named GODEL gave the theory 

NO SYSTEM IN THE WORLD CAN BE COMPLETE

He proved it by these two lines

THE STATEMENT BELOW IS TRUE

THE STATEMENT ABOVE  IS FALSE!!!

so whats the final decision u get from these two lines!!!!

ALBERT EINSTEIN'S GREATEST THERORY E=MC^2

The concept of mass–energy equivalence unites the concepts of conservation of mass and conservation of energy, allowing rest mass to be converted to other forms of energy, like kinetic energy, heat, or light. Kinetic energy or light can also be converted to particles which have mass. The total amount of mass–energy in a closed system remains constant because energy cannot be created or destroyed and, in all of its forms, trapped energy has mass. According to the theory of relativity, mass and energy as commonly understood are two names for the same thing, and one is not changed to the other. Rather, neither one appears without the other. When energy changes type and leaves a system, it takes its mass with it.

Fast-moving objects and systems of objects
If you push on an object in the direction of motion, it gains momentum and it gains energy. But if the object is already traveling near the speed of light, it can't move much faster, no matter how much energy it absorbs. Its momentum and energy continue to increase, but its speed approaches a constant value—the speed of light. This means that in relativity the momentum of an object cannot be a constant times the velocity, nor is the kinetic energy be a constant times the square of the velocity.

Microsoft Office 2007 serial key

the CD/serial key for the Microsoft office 2007 is
HCFPT-K86VV-DCKH3-87CCR-FM6HW

8086/8088 MICROPROCESSOR INT 21h FUNCTIONS

INT 21h - The general function despatcher

Most of the general functions and services offered by DOS are implemented through this interrupt . The functions available are well standardised and should be common to all MSDOS, PCDOS and DOS Plus systems. Well behaved programs, therefore, should use these facilities in preference to any other methods available for the widest range of compatibility.

INT 21h in the 512's implementation of DOS Plus 2.1 provides 77 official functions, two of which are non-functional and return with no action. Within this range some calls have subfunctions which further extend the range of operations.

In all calls, on entry AH defines the function. Other parameters may also be required in other registers. Where a memory block is used by the call this is specified in the normal segment:offset form. In all cases the general programming technique is to set AH to the function pointer, set up the required register contents (and the memory block if necessary) then to issue the call by the assembly code INT instruction. 

MATHWORKS MATLAB COMMANDS

Non-standard Matlab commands are highlighted in green.

Command	Description
abs	Absolute value
acker	Compute the K matrix to place the poles of A-BK, see also place
axis	Set the scale of the current plot, see also plot, figure
bode	Draw the Bode plot, see also logspace, margin, nyquist1
c2dm	Continuous system to discrete system
clf	Clear figure (use clg in Matlab 3.5)
conv	Convolution (useful for multiplying polynomials), see also deconv
ctrb	The controllability matrix, see also obsv
deconv	Deconvolution and polynomial division, see also conv
det	Find the determinant of a matrix
dimpulse	Impulse response of discrete-time linear systems, see also dstep
dlqr	Linear-quadratic requlator design for discrete-time systems, see also lqr
dlsim	Simulation of discrete-time linear systems, see also lsim
dstep	Step response of discrete-time linear systems, see also stairs
eig	Compute the eigenvalues of a matrix
eps	Matlab's numerical tolerance
feedback	Feedback connection of two systems.
figure	Create a new figure or redefine the current figure, see also subplot, axis
for	For, next loop
format	Number format (significant digits, exponents)
function	Creates function m-files
grid	Draw the grid lines on the current plot
gtext	Add a piece of text to the current plot, see also text
help	HELP!
hold	Hold the current graph, see also figure
if	Conditionally execute statements
imag	Returns the imaginary part of a complex number, see also real
impulse	Impulse response of continuous-time linear systems, see also step, lsim, dlsim
input	Prompt for user input
inv	Find the inverse of a matrix
jgrid	Generate grid lines of constant damping ratio (zeta) and settling time (sigma), see also sgrid, sigrid, zgrid
legend	Graph legend
length	Length of a vector, see also size
linspace	Returns a linearly spaced vector
lnyquist1	Produce a Nyquist plot on a logarithmic scale, see also nyquist1
log	natural logarithm, also log10: common logarithm
loglog	Plot using log-log scale, also semilogx/semilogy
logspace	Returns a logarithmically spaced vector
lqr	Linear quadratic regulator design for continuous systems, see also dlqr
lsim	Simulate a linear system, see also step, impulse, dlsim.
margin	Returns the gain margin, phase margin, and crossover frequencies, see also bode
norm	Norm of a vector
nyquist1	Draw the Nyquist plot, see also lnyquist1. Note this command was written to replace the Matlab standard command nyquist to get more accurate Nyquist plots.
obsv	The observability matrix, see also ctrb
ones	Returns a vector or matrix of ones, see also zeros
place	Compute the K matrix to place the poles of A-BK, see also acker
plot	Draw a plot, see also figure, axis, subplot.
poly	Returns the characteristic polynomial
polyadd	Add two different polynomials
polyval	Polynomial evaluation
print	Print the current plot (to a printer or postscript file)
pzmap	Pole-zero map of linear systems
rank	Find the number of linearly independent rows or columns of a matrix
real	Returns the real part of a complex number, see also imag
rlocfind	Find the value of k and the poles at the selected point
rlocus	Draw the root locus
roots	Find the roots of a polynomial
rscale	Find the scale factor for a full-state feedback system
set	Set(gca,'Xtick',xticks,'Ytick',yticks) to control the number and spacing of tick marks on the axes
series	Series interconnection of Linear time-independent systems
sgrid	Generate grid lines of constant damping ratio (zeta) and natural frequency (Wn), see also jgrid, sigrid, zgrid
sigrid	Generate grid lines of constant settling time (sigma), see also jgrid, sgrid, zgrid
size	Gives the dimension of a vector or matrix, see also length
sqrt	Square root
ss	Create state-space models or convert LTI model to state space, see also tf
ss2tf	State-space to transfer function representation, see also tf2ss
ss2zp	State-space to pole-zero representation, see also zp2ss
stairs	Stairstep plot for discreste response, see also dstep
step	Plot the step response, see also impulse, lsim, dlsim.
subplot	Divide the plot window up into pieces, see also plot, figure
text	Add a piece of text to the current plot, see also title, xlabel, ylabel, gtext
tf	Creation of transfer functions or conversion to transfer function, see also ss
tf2ss	Transfer function to state-space representation, see also ss2tf
tf2zp	Transfer function to Pole-zero representation, see also zp2tf
title	Add a title to the current plot
wbw	Returns the bandwidth frequency given the damping ratio and the rise or settling time.
xlabel/ylabel	Add a label to the horizontal/vertical axis of the current plot, see also title, text, gtext
zeros	Returns a vector or matrix of zeros
zgrid	Generates grid lines of constant damping ratio (zeta) and natural frequency (Wn), see also sgrid, jgrid, sigrid
zp2ss	Pole-zero to state-space representation, see also ss2zp
zp2tf	Pole-zero to transfer function representation, see also tf2zp

MATHWORKS MATLAB PRACTICE PROBLEMS

Assignment:

1)

Create an M-file in which you give an input and it displays the table of that number:

Example:

>> “name of m-file”

>> What is your desired number? “Enter 2 or any other”

>> 2x1=2

      2x2=4 and so on…

MATHWORkS MATLAB TUTORIAL AND EXERCISE

MATHWORKS MATLAB: 

Exercise #1: Non-oriented, Center-Surround Receptive Field Model.

Goal: To implement and test a simple RF model in Matlab.

1. MATHWORKS MATLAB Basics

When you start Matlab, it should open with a Command Window.  This window allows you to enter individual commands at the prompt (>>).  Commands can define variables.  For example:

>> x = zeros(100);

creates a 2D array (100x100) and fills it with zeros.  Variables are initialized whenever they appear on the left hand side of an expression.  You do not need to specify the storage type or size, as in other languages.  Variables must be initialized before they are used on the right hand side of an expression.  When variables are initialized they get stored in the Workspace.  You can view the variables in the Workspace by typing:

>> who

You can see the contents of a single variable by typing the variable name at the prompt without a semicolon at the end:

>> x

Commands can also call Matlab functions, e.g.

>> plot(x);

To find out more about the function “plot”, type:

>> help plot

           

If you want to create a program of more than a few lines, it soon becomes very tedious to enter and re-enter commands one at a time.  Therefore, Matlab allows you to create M-files.  M-files are plain text files that contain Matlab expressions and function calls.  M-file names end with the extension “.m”.  Usually, the Command Window has a button that will invoke an M-file editor.  You can type multiple commands into the editor window and save them.  Usually, there will be a button in the editor window that allows you to save and execute the file in one shot.  Otherwise, you  can execute the M-file by typing its name, sans extension, at the command prompt.  E.g. if you created the file “myprog.m”, you would just type:

>> myprog

LABCENTRE ELECTRONICS ISIS PROTEUS TUTORIAL

In this tutorial I am going to tell you about the basics of LABCENTRE ELECTRONICS ISIS PROTEUS .this software is widely used by all the electrical  engineers as it provides a mean for testing their circuits before implementing them practically.

So, first of all let have a look at the opening window of the LABCENTRE ELECTRONICS ISIS PROTEUS.

I am using the LABCENTRE ELECTRONICS ISIS PROTEUS 7.6 .

This is the window which we see when we open the LABCENTRE ELECTRONICS ISIS PROTEUS 7.6.

Lets first become familiar with different icons in it.

  VIRTUAL INSTRUMENT MODE:

 This icon is for measuring the different parameters of the circuit like voltage, current output waveforms etc and. It provides us with AC voltmeter and ammeter and DC voltmeter and ammeter and it has also got the option of the oscilloscope for seeing the different waveforms and a logic analyzer for observing the logic states. It has also got the option of signal generator for providing waveforms of different shapes, different frequencies and different amplitudes.